Term paper on Instructional Unit: Lesson Plans

Lesson Plan IV

Topic: Subtraction of Fractions with Unlike Dominators

Grade Level: 5

Objectives: The group of students will be able to learn how to subtract fractions with unlike dominators.

Materials and resources: math books, colored pencils, paper, fraction cards, online program Subtracting Fractions with Different Denominators.

Pre-activity: the students review how to find the lowest common dominator and subtracting fraction with the same dominator. Then, the students are taught the rules of subtracting fractions with unlike denominators:

1. Find the Lowest Common Denominator (LCD) of the given fractions.
2. Rename the fractions in order to have the LCD
3. Subtract the numerators of the fractions
4. The difference will be the numerator and the LCD will be the denominator of the answer.
5. Simplify the Fraction (Subtracting Fractions with Different Denominators, 2012).

Activities:

• Find the difference between 5/6 and 2/3. The students use the rules of subtraction of fractions. The students use their colored pencils to draw six green figures. 1/6 + 1/6 + 1/6 + 1/6 + 1/6 + 1/6 = 5/6 and 2/3 =4/6

5/6 – 4/6 = 1/6

5/6 ”“ 2/3 = 1/6

• Subtract 2/3 – 3/6; 1/3 ”“ 1/6; 3/4 ”“ 5/8
• The students are given special tasks to practice solving problems with subtracting fractions by means of a computer program. The link to this program is here: http://www.aaamath.com/g57l_sx1.htm

Assessment: The group of students will be assessed when they solve 10 problems given on the fraction cards. In addition, the teacher will assess the practice assignments on computer program.

5.5.      Lesson Plan V

Topic: Multiplication of Fractions

Grade Level: 5

Objectives: the group of students will be able to learn how to multiply fractions.

Materials and resources: math books, pencil, paper, colored markers, fraction cards for the game and testing, online program to practice multiplying fractions.

Pre-activities: The students review the definitions of the terms: numerators and denominator. Then, the students will be taught the rule of multiplication:

1. Multiply the numerators of the given fractions
2. Multiply the denominators of the fractions
3. Place the product of the numerators over the product of the denominators
4. Simplify the Fraction (Multiplying Fractions with Different Denominators, 2012).

Activities:

• Multiply fractions 2/9 and 3/12. One of the students will solve this problem on the blackboard using the rule of multiplication: multiplying the numerators (2*3=6), multiplying the denominators (9*12=108), placing the product of the numerators over the product of the denominators (6/108), simplify the fraction (6/108 = 1/18).
• Students multiply the following fractions: 2/3 and 6/7; 3/7 and 8/9; 3/4 and 7/6, and then check the answers.
• The group of students uses computers to practice multiplication of fraction: the online program on the AAA Math Site. The link to this site is here: http://www.aaamath.com/fra66mx2.htm
• Students play the game using a deck of cards. The students are divided into 2 groups and solve problems in turn. The winner team is the one that has more correct answers.

Assessment:

The students will be assessed when they will solve 10 problems. The tests will show the results of the lesson.

5.6.      Lesson Plan VI

Topic: Division of Fractions

Grade level: 5

Objectives: the group of students will be taught how to divide fractions.

Materials and resources: math books, pencils, paper, colored markers, fraction cards for the game and testing, online program to practice dividing fractions

Pre-activity: The students will review how to invert the denominator fraction and multiply the fractions. Then, the students will be taught the rules of dividing fractions:

1. Invert the denominator fraction and multiply the fractions
2. Multiply the numerators of the fractions
3. Multiply the denominators of the fractions
4. Place the product of the numerators over the product of the denominators
5. 5.     Simplify the fraction (Dividing Fractions by Fractions, 2012).

Activities:

• Divide fractions 2/9 and 3/12. The teacher uses blackboard to explain students how to divide fraction by fraction using the rule of dividing fractions:  inverting the denominator fraction and multiplying (2/9 ÷ 3/12 = 2/9 * 12/3), multiplying the numerators (2*12=24), multiplying the denominators (9*3=27), placing the product of the numerators over the product of the denominators (24/27), simplify the fraction (24/27 = 8/9).
• The students divide fractions 2/4 and 1/3; 6/7 and 3/4 ; 4/8 and 2/3; 5/6 and 1/8 and check their answers.
• The students use online program Dividing Fractions by Fractions on the AAA Math Website. The link is here: http://www.aaamath.com/g5_66px1.htm . They divide the fractions by the second and reduce to lowest terms. The teacher checks the results.
• The game with fraction cards. All students are divided into two groups and solve problems using the colored cards. They use their pencils and paper in order to write answers. The winner team is the one which has more correct answers and has used less time to solve problems.

Assessment:

At the end of the lesson, the students will be given 10 problems with dividing fractions in the form of testing. When students complete 10-15 problems, their answers will be checked. The informal observation will be based on the students’ success in practicing division of fractions on the computer programs.